Igiciro cyinshi 100% byamavuta ya pomelo yuzuye Amavuta menshi ya Pomelo

Imbuto Citrus grandis L. Osbeck izwi cyane nka Pomelo ni igihingwa kavukire cya Aziya y'Amajyepfo, kiboneka mu Bushinwa, Ubuyapani, Vietnam, Maleziya, Ubuhinde, na Tayilande [1,2]. Bivugwa ko ari yo nkomoko y'ibanze y'imizabibu n'umwe mu bagize umuryango wa Rutaceae. Pomelo, hamwe n'indimu, orange, mandarine, na grapefruit ni imwe mu mbuto za citrusi ubu zihingwa kandi zikoreshwa cyane muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba ndetse no mu tundi turere tw'isi [3]. Imbuto za pomelo zikunze gukoreshwa shyashya cyangwa muburyo bwumutobe mugihe ibishishwa, imbuto, nibindi bice byigihingwa byajugunywe nkimyanda. Ibice bitandukanye by’igihingwa, birimo amababi, ibishishwa, hamwe n’ibishishwa, byakoreshejwe mu buvuzi gakondo mu binyejana byinshi kuko byagaragaye ko bifite ubushobozi bwo kuvura kandi bifite umutekano ku byo abantu bakoresha [2,4]. Amababi yikimera cya Citrus grandis namavuta yacyo bikoreshwa mubuvuzi bwa rubanda kugirango bikize indwara zuruhu, kubabara umutwe, nububabare bwigifu. Imbuto za Citrus grandis ntizikoreshwa gusa mu kurya, imiti gakondo ikunze kuvura inkorora, indurwe, igicuri, n'izindi ndwara hamwe n'ibishishwa by'imbuto usibye kubikoresha mu kwisiga [5]. Ubwoko bwa citrus nisoko nyamukuru yamavuta yingenzi kandi amavuta akomoka kubishishwa bya citrus afite impumuro nziza yifuzwa ningaruka nziza. Habayeho kwiyongera mumyaka yashize nkigisubizo akamaro k'ubucuruzi kiyongera. Amavuta yingenzi asanzwe akomoka kuri metabolite harimo terpène, sesquiterpène, terpenoide, hamwe nibintu bya aromatique hamwe nitsinda ritandukanye rya hydrocarbone ya alifatique, aldehydes, acide, alcool, fenol, esters, oxyde, lactone, na ethers [6]. Amavuta yingenzi arimo ibyo bikoresho azwiho kuba afite imiti igabanya ubukana bwa antioxyde na antioxydeant kandi ikora nk'ibindi byongeweho byongeweho hamwe ninyungu zigenda ziyongera kubicuruzwa bisanzwe [1,7]. Ubushakashatsi bwemeje ko ibice bikora biboneka mu mavuta ya citrus nka limonene, pinene, na terpinolene byerekana imiti myinshi ya mikorobe, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, na antioxydeant [8], [9], [10]] . Byongeye kandi, amavuta ya citrus yingenzi yashyizwe mu rwego rwa GRAS (Muri rusange azwi nk’umutekano) kubera intungamubiri nini n’akamaro k’ubukungu [8]. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekanye ko amavuta yingenzi afite ubushobozi bwo kongera igihe cyo kuramba no gukomeza ubwiza bw’ibikomoka ku mafi n’inyama [[11], [12], [13], [14], [15]].

Nk’uko byatangajwe na FAO, 2020 (Leta y’uburobyi n’amafi ku isi), umusaruro w’amafi ku isi wagiye wiyongera mu myaka mike ishize ishize ugereranije na toni miliyoni 179 muri 2018 bikaba bivugwa ko byatakaje 30-35%. Amafi azwi cyane kuri poroteyine nziza yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, isoko karemano ya aside irike ya polyunzure, (aside Eicosapentaenoic na aside Docosahexaenoic), vitamine D, na vitamine B2 kandi ifite isoko ryinshi ry’amabuye y'agaciro nka calcium, sodium, potasiyumu, na fer [[16], [17], [18]]. Nyamara, amafi mashya ashobora kwibasirwa cyane na mikorobe yangirika n’imihindagurikire y’ibinyabuzima bitewe n’ubushyuhe bwinshi, aside nkeya, imisemburo ya endogenous reaction, hamwe nintungamubiri zikungahaye [12,19]. Inzira yo kwangirika ikubiyemo mortis ikomeye, autolysis, gutera bagiteri, na putrification bigatuma habaho amine ihindagurika itanga impumuro mbi idahumura kubera ubwiyongere bwa mikorobe [20]. Amafi mububiko bukonje afite ubushobozi bwo kugumana uburyohe, imiterere, nubushya bitewe nubushyuhe buke kurwego runaka. Nyamara, ubwiza bw’amafi bugenda bwangirika hamwe n’ikura ryihuse rya mikorobe mvaruganda iganisha ku kunuka no kugabanuka mu buzima bwo kubaho [19].

Kubwibyo, urebye ingamba zimwe na zimwe zirakenewe kugirango ubwiza bw’amafi bugabanye ibinyabuzima byangirika no kongera igihe cyo kubaho. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere bwerekanye ko gutwikira chitosan, amavuta ya oregano, amavuta ya cinnamon, amavuta ashingiye ku gumu arimo thime na clove amavuta yingenzi, umunyu, ndetse rimwe na rimwe afatanije nubundi buryo bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije byagize ingaruka nziza muguhagarika mikorobe no kwagura ubuzima bwamafi [15, [10], [21], [22], [23], [24]]. Mu bundi bushakashatsi bwakozwe, nanoemuliyoni yateguwe hifashishijwe d-limonene kandi isanga ari byiza kurwanya indwara zitera indwara [25]. Igishishwa cyimbuto za Pomelo nimwe mubintu byingenzi bitunganyirizwa mu mbuto za pomelo. Kubumenyi bwacu bwiza buranga nibintu bikora byamavuta yingenzi ya pomelo aracyakemuwe neza. Ingaruka z'igishishwa cya pomelo ntizikoreshwa neza nka antibacterial agent kugirango zongere ububiko bwamafi yuzuye amafi, kandi hasuzumwe ingaruka zamavuta yingenzi nka bio-preservateur kububiko bwamafi mashya yuzuye. Amafi meza yo mu karere aboneka (Rohu (Labeo rohita), Bahu (Labeo calbahu), na silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) yakoreshejwe kubera ko ari mu mafi akomeye akunzwe.Ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi ntibizafasha gusa kwagura ububiko. ituze ryuzuye amafi, ariko kandi byongera icyifuzo cyimbuto za pomelo zidakoreshwa mukarere ka majyaruguru yubuhinde.