Ibimera bya Fructus Amomi Amavuta ya massage Diffusers 1kg Ubwinshi Amomum villosum Amavuta yingenzi

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Umuryango wa Zingiberaceae warushijeho kwitabwaho mubushakashatsi bwa allelopathique kubera amavuta akungahaye cyane hamwe n'impumuro yubwoko bwabanyamuryango. Ubushakashatsi bwibanze bwari bwerekanye ko imiti iva muri Curcuma zedoaria (zedoary) [40], Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) BLBurtt & RMSm. [41] na Zingiber officinale Rosc. [42] yumuryango wigitoki bigira ingaruka za allelopathique kumera kwimbuto no gukura kwingemwe yibigori, salitusi ninyanya. Ubu bushakashatsi bwacu ni raporo yambere kubikorwa bya allelopathique yibikorwa bihindagurika biva kumuti, amababi, n'imbuto zikiri nto za A. villosum (umwe mubagize umuryango wa Zingiberaceae). Umusaruro w'amavuta y'ibiti, amababi, n'imbuto zikiri nto byari 0.15%, 0,40%, na 0,50%, byerekana ko imbuto zatanze amavuta menshi ahindagurika kuruta ibiti n'amababi. Ibintu nyamukuru bigize amavuta ahindagurika ava ku giti ni β-pinene, β-phellandrene na α-pinene, wari icyitegererezo gisa n’imiti minini y’amavuta y’ibabi, β-pinene na α-pinene (hydrocarbone ya monoterpene). Ku rundi ruhande, amavuta mu mbuto zikiri nto yari akungahaye kuri acetate ya bornyl na camphor (monoterpène ya ogisijeni). Ibisubizo byashyigikiwe nubushakashatsi bwa Do N Dai [30,32] na Hui Ao [31] uwari wamenye amavuta ava mu ngingo zitandukanye za A. villosum.

Habayeho raporo nyinshi kubikorwa byo guhagarika imikurire yibihingwa byingenzi mubindi binyabuzima. Shalinder Kaur yasanze α-pinene yo muri eucalyptus yahagaritse cyane uburebure bwumuzi no kurasa uburebure bwa virusi ya Amaranthus L. kuri 1.0 μL yibanze [43], n'ubundi bushakashatsi bwerekanye ko α-pinene yabujije imizi hakiri kare kandi itera kwangiza okiside mu mizi binyuze mu kongera amoko ya ogisijeni ikora [44]. Raporo zimwe zavuze ko β-pinene yabujije kumera no gukura kwatewe n’ibyatsi byo kwipimisha mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n’ibisubizo biterwa no guhungabanya ubusugire bwa membrane [45], guhindura ibinyabuzima bya biohimiki no kongera ibikorwa bya peroxidase na okiside ya polifenol [46]. P-Phellandrene yerekanye ko yabujije kumera no gukura kwa Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp ku gipimo cya 600 ppm [47], mu gihe, ku gipimo cya mg / m3 250, camphor yahagaritse radicle no kurasa kwa Lepidium sativum L. [48]. Nyamara, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ingaruka za allelopathic ya bornyl acetate ni nto. Mu bushakashatsi bwacu, ingaruka za allelopathique ya β-pinene, acetate ya bornyl na camphor ku burebure bwumuzi yari ifite intege nke ugereranije n’amavuta ahindagurika usibye α-pinene, mu gihe amavuta y’ibabi, akungahaye kuri α-pinene, na yo yari phytotoxic kurusha ihindagurika rihuye. amavuta ava mumuti n'imbuto za A. villosum, ubushakashatsi bwombi bwerekana ko α-pinene ishobora kuba imiti yingenzi ya allelopathie nubu bwoko. Muri icyo gihe, ibisubizo byerekanaga kandi ko ibice bimwe na bimwe mu mavuta yimbuto bitari byinshi bishobora kugira uruhare mu gutanga umusaruro wa phytotoxique, ubushakashatsi bukeneye ubundi bushakashatsi mu gihe kizaza.

Mubihe bisanzwe, ingaruka za allelopathique ya allelochemicals ni ubwoko bwihariye. Jiang n'abandi. yasanze amavuta yingenzi yakozwe na Artemisia sieversiana yagize ingaruka zikomeye kuri Amaranthus retroflexus L. kuruta kuri Medicago sativa L., Poa annua L., na Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng. [49]. Mu bundi bushakashatsi, amavuta ahindagurika ya Lavandula angustifolia Mill. yabyaye impamyabumenyi zitandukanye zingaruka za phytotoxic kumoko atandukanye yibimera. Lolium multiflorum Lam. ni bwo bwoko bwakiriwe neza cyane, imikurire ya hypocotyl na radicle yabujijwe na 87.8% na 76.7%, ku kigero cy’amavuta ya 1 μL / mL, ariko gukura kwa hypocotyl kw ingemwe zimbuto ntibyagize ingaruka nke [20]. Ibisubizo byacu byerekanaga kandi ko hari itandukaniro ryo kwiyumvisha ibihindagurika bya A. villosum hagati ya L. sativa na L. perenne.

Ibintu bihindagurika hamwe namavuta yingenzi yubwoko bumwe arashobora gutandukana mubwinshi na / cyangwa muburyo bwiza bitewe nuburyo imikurire, ibice byibimera nuburyo bwo gutahura. Kurugero, raporo yerekanaga ko pyranoide (10.3%) na β-caryophyllene (6,6%) aribyo bintu nyamukuru by’ibinyabuzima biva mu mababi ya Sambucus nigra, mu gihe benzaldehyde (17.8%), α-bulnesene (16,6%) na tetracosane (11,5%) byari byinshi mu mavuta yakuwe mu mababi [50]. Mu bushakashatsi bwacu, ibinyabuzima bihindagurika byasohowe nibikoresho bishya by’ibihingwa byagize ingaruka zikomeye za allelopathique ku bimera bipimishije kuruta amavuta yavomwe mu binyabuzima, itandukaniro mu gisubizo rifitanye isano rya hafi n’itandukaniro riri muri allelochemicique iri mu myiteguro yombi. Itandukaniro nyaryo riri hagati yimiterere ihindagurika hamwe namavuta bigomba gukorwaho ubushakashatsi mubushakashatsi bwakurikiyeho.

Itandukaniro ryubwoko butandukanye bwa mikorobe hamwe nubuzima bwa mikorobe mubutaka bwubutaka bwongewemo amavuta ahindagurika byari bifitanye isano no guhatanira mikorobe ndetse ningaruka zose z'uburozi hamwe nigihe amavuta ahindagurika mubutaka. Vokou na Liotiri [51] yasanze gukoresha amavuta ane yingenzi (0.1 mL) kubutaka bwahinzwe (150 g) byatumaga guhumeka byubutaka bwubutaka, ndetse namavuta atandukanye mubigize imiti, byerekana ko amavuta yibimera akoreshwa nka karubone ningufu zitangwa na ibinyabuzima bibaho. Amakuru yavuye mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe yemeje ko amavuta yavuye mu gihingwa cyose cya A. villosum yagize uruhare mu kwiyongera kugaragara kw’ibinyabuzima by’ibihumyo by’ubutaka ku munsi wa 14 nyuma yo kongeramo amavuta, byerekana ko amavuta ashobora gutanga isoko ya karubone kuri byinshi ibihumyo. Ubundi bushakashatsi bwerekanye ubushakashatsi bwakozwe: mikorobe y’ubutaka yagaruye imikorere yambere na biomass nyuma yigihe gito cyo gutandukana kwatewe no kongeramo amavuta ya Thymbra capitata L. (Cav), ariko amavuta kumupanga mwinshi (amavuta 0,93 µL kuri garama yubutaka) ntabwo yemereye mikorobe yubutaka kugarura imikorere yambere [52]. Mu bushakashatsi burimo gukorwa, dushingiye ku isesengura rya mikorobe y’ubutaka nyuma yo kuvurwa n’iminsi itandukanye hamwe n’ubushakashatsi, twatekereje ko umuryango wa bagiteri w’ubutaka uzakira nyuma yiminsi myinshi. Ibinyuranye, microbiota ya fungal ntishobora gusubira muburyo bwambere. Ibisubizo bikurikira birashimangira iyi hypothesis: ingaruka zinyuranye z’amavuta menshi yibigize mikorobe ya mikorobe yubutaka bwagaragajwe nisesengura ryibanze ryakozwe (PCoA), kandi ubushakashatsi bwerekana ubushyuhe bwongeye kwemeza ko umuryango w’ibihumyo bigize ubutaka. bivuwe n'amavuta ya 3.0 mg / mL (ni ukuvuga 0,375 mg kuri garama y'ubutaka) kurwego rwubwoko bitandukanye cyane nubundi buvuzi. Kugeza ubu, ubushakashatsi bujyanye n'ingaruka zo kongeramo hydrocarbone ya monoterpene cyangwa monoterpène ya ogisijeni kuri mikorobe itandukanye y'ubutaka n'imiterere y'abaturage biracyari bike. Ubushakashatsi buke bwerekanye ko α-pinene yongereye ibikorwa bya mikorobe yubutaka hamwe nubwinshi bwa Methylophilaceae (itsinda rya methylotrophs, Proteobacteria) munsi yubushyuhe buke, bigira uruhare runini nkisoko ya karubone mubutaka bwumutse [53]. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, amavuta ahindagurika ya A. villosum igihingwa cyose, kirimo 15.03% α-pinene (Imbonerahamwe y'inyongera S1), biragaragara ko byongereye ubwinshi bwa Proteobacteria kuri 1.5 mg / mL na 3.0 mg / mL, ibyo bikaba byavugaga ko α-pinene ishobora kuba imwe mu nkomoko ya karubone ikomoka kuri mikorobe.

Ibintu bihindagurika byakozwe ningingo zitandukanye za A. villosum byagize impamyabumenyi zitandukanye zingaruka za allelopathique kuri L. sativa na L. perenne, ibyo bikaba byari bifitanye isano rya bugufi nibigize imiti ibice bya villosum birimo. Nubwo imiti y’amavuta ihindagurika yemejwe, ibinyabuzima bihindagurika byasohowe na A. villosum ku bushyuhe bw’icyumba ntibizwi, bikeneye iperereza rindi. Byongeye kandi, ingaruka zifatika hagati ya allelochemicals nazo zikwiye kwitabwaho. Kubijyanye na mikorobe yubutaka, kugirango tumenye ingaruka zamavuta ahindagurika kuri mikorobe yubutaka byimazeyo, turacyakeneye gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse: kongera igihe cyo kuvura amavuta ahindagurika no gutandukanya ibintu bitandukanye mubigize imiti ya peteroli ihindagurika mubutaka. ku minsi itandukanye.

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Allelopathie ikunze gusobanurwa nkingaruka zose zitaziguye cyangwa zitaziguye, nziza cyangwa mbi n’ubwoko bumwe bw’ibimera ku bundi binyuze mu gukora no gusohora imiti y’imiti mu bidukikije [1]. Ibimera birekura allelochemicals mu kirere gikikijwe nubutaka binyuze mu guhindagurika, kumera amababi, gusohora imizi, no kubora ibisigara [2]. Nka tsinda rimwe ryingenzi rya allelochemicals, ibice bihindagurika byinjira mukirere nubutaka muburyo busa: ibimera birekura ikirere mu kirere mu buryo butaziguye [3]; amazi y'imvura yoza ibyo bice (nka monoterpène) mububiko bwibabi bwibabi n'ibishashara byo hejuru, bitanga ubushobozi bwibintu bihindagurika mubutaka [4]; imizi y'ibimera ishobora gusohora ibimera biterwa na herbivore na virusi itera virusi.5]; ibi bice biri mumyanda yibihingwa nabyo birekurwa mubutaka bukikije [6]. Kugeza ubu, amavuta ahindagurika yarushijeho gushakishwa kugirango akoreshwe mu kurwanya nyakatsi n’udukoko [7,8,9,10,11]. Basanga bakora mugukwirakwiza imyuka ya gaze mu kirere no guhinduka mubindi bihugu mu butaka cyangwa ku butaka [3,12], kugira uruhare runini mu guhagarika imikurire y’ibihingwa hifashishijwe imikoranire itandukanye no guhindura ibihingwa-byatsi by’ibihingwa [13]. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekana ko allelopathie ishobora koroshya ishyirwaho ry’ibinyabuzima by’ibinyabuzima muri urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima [14,15,16]. Kubwibyo, ubwoko bwibimera byiganjemo bushobora kwibasirwa nkibishobora kuba biterwa na allelochemicals.

Mu myaka yashize, ingaruka za allelopathique na allelochemicals zagiye zitaweho cyane n’abashakashatsi hagamijwe kumenya insimburangingo ikwiye y’imiti yica imiti [17,18,19,20]. Mu rwego rwo kugabanya igihombo cy’ubuhinzi, imiti yica ibyatsi ikoreshwa cyane mu kurwanya imikurire y’ibyatsi. Icyakora, gukoresha imiti yica ibyatsi itavanze byagize uruhare mu kongera ibibazo byo kurwanya nyakatsi, iyangirika ry’ubutaka buhoro buhoro, ndetse n’ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu [21]. Ibintu bisanzwe bya allelopathique biva mu bimera birashobora gutanga amahirwe menshi yo gukura ibyatsi bishya, cyangwa nkibintu byifashishwa mu kumenya ibyatsi bishya biva muri kamere [17,22].

Amomum villosum Lour. ni igihingwa kimaze igihe kinini mumuryango wigitoki, gikura kugera kuri metero 1,2-3.0 m mugicucu cyibiti. Ikwirakwizwa cyane mu Bushinwa bw'Amajyepfo, Tayilande, Vietnam, Laos, Kamboje, no mu tundi turere two mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Imbuto zumye za A. villosum ni ubwoko bwibirungo bisanzwe kubera uburyohe bwabwo [23] kandi igereranya imiti gakondo izwi cyane mu Bushinwa, ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura indwara zo mu gifu. Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekanye ko amavuta ahindagurika akungahaye kuri A. villosum ari byo bintu nyamukuru bivura imiti n’ibigize impumuro nziza [24,25,26,27]. Abashakashatsi basanze amavuta yingenzi ya A. villosum agaragaza uburozi bwangiza udukoko Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) na Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius), nuburozi bukomeye bwa T. castaneum [28]. Muri icyo gihe, A. villosum igira ingaruka mbi ku binyabuzima bitandukanye, biyomasi, imyanda ndetse nintungamubiri zubutaka bw’amashyamba yimvura yambere [29]. Icyakora, uruhare rwibidukikije rwamavuta ahindagurika hamwe na allelopathic compound ntikiramenyekana. Ukurikije ubushakashatsi bwibanze mubigize imiti ya A. villosum amavuta yingenzi [30,31,32], intego yacu ni ugushakisha niba A. villosum irekura ibice bifite ingaruka za allelopathique mukirere nubutaka kugirango bidufashe kumenya ubwiganze bwayo. Kubwibyo, turateganya: (i) gusesengura no kugereranya ibice bigize imiti yamavuta ahindagurika ava mubice bitandukanye bya A. villosum; . na (iii) gushakisha mbere na mbere ingaruka z'amavuta ava muri A. villosum ku miterere n'imiterere y'abaturage ya mikorobe mu butaka.